Re “Workflow”: I think you mean the Workflow tab in projects, but @Danielle-GenD’s suggestion was to add a rule which can be done in My Tasks via Customize > Rules. However, unless you’re on the Business or Enterprise Asana plan, you won’t have access to the needed rule action.
Re your My Tasks workflow, many of us don’t rely on the automation you’re asking for. It’s more manual, but it allows for you to triage “what you have to do today” as you mention because if a task that will take you multiple days to do is due in a eight days, you would want it in a Do Today section (or at least I would!). To achieve that workflow, I wrote this article which many clients have used, in case you want to have a look:
Larry